![]() ![]() There are two federally recognized Modoc tribes: in Oregon and Oklahoma. They achieved separate federal recognition and were granted some land in Oklahoma. Most Modoc (and their descendants) stayed in what became the state of Oklahoma. Some at that point were allowed to return to the Klamath Reservation in Oregon. The remaining 153 Modoc of the band were sent to Indian Territory (pre-statehood Oklahoma), where they were held as prisoners of war until 1909, settled on reservation land with the Shawnee. Jack and three warriors were executed and two others sentenced to life in prison. Jack and five warriors were tried for the murders of the two peace commissioners. forces were reinforced, some Modoc warriors surrendered and Captain Jack and the last of his band were captured. Eleazer Thomas, and wounded two others, mistakenly believing this would encourage the Americans to leave. In April 1873 at a peace commission meeting, Captain Jack and others killed General Edward Canby and Rev. Occupying defensive positions throughout the lava beds south of Tule Lake (in present-day Lava Beds National Monument), those few warriors resisted for months the more numerous United States Army forces sent against them, which were reinforced with artillery. Kintpuash, also known as Captain Jack, led 52 warriors in a band of more than 150 Modoc people who left the Klamath Reservation. Eadweard Muybridge photographed the early part of the US Army's campaign. The Modoc War, or the Modoc Campaign (also known as the Lava Beds War), was an armed conflict between the Native American Modoc people and the United States Army in northeastern California and southeastern Oregon from 1872 to 1873. Round Valley Settler Massacres of 1856–1859.
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